Satyajit Ray was an Indian film director, writer, and composer who is widely regarded as one of the greatest filmmakers of the 20th century. He is well known for his natural approach to filmmaking, which often explored the struggles and complexities of everyday life in India.

He was born in Calcutta in 1921, Ray was a polymath who excelled in a variety of fields. He studied at Presidency College and then at Visva-Bharati University, where he learned about Western and Indian art and culture. He also worked as a graphic designer, creating book covers, posters, and illustrations.

Ray made his directorial debut with "Pather Panchali" in 1955, which became a critical and a huge success both in India and at international level. It was the first film that explored the life of a poor family in rural Bengal.

Ray's films often focused on ordinary people and their struggles, and he was known for his ability to capture the shades of everyday life. He also explored themes such as poverty, social inequality, and the clash between tradition and modernity. Some of his most famous films include "Apu Trilogy," "Charulata," and "The Music Room."

Ray was also a prolific writer and composer. He wrote several novels and short stories, including the popular "Feluda" detective series. He also composed music for many of his films, as Indian classical music and folk music for inspiration.

He received many awards and honors for his contributions to Indian cinema and culture. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in 1992. He also received an honorary Academy Award in 1992, and his films have been screened at major film festivals around the world.

Satyajit Ray's legacy continues to inspire filmmakers and artists around the world. His humanistic approach to filmmaking, his dedication to exploring the complexities of everyday life, and his ability to capture the essence of India and its people have made him a beloved figure in Indian cinema as well as a respected artist on the global stage.